March 21 is the 80th (eightieth) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar and the 81st in the leap years. 285 days left to end the year
Catholic saint
San Nicolás de Flüe.4
Santa María Francisca de las Llagas.5
San Serapión the Scholastic.6
San Filemón and San Donino de Roma.7
Saint Catherine of Genoa.8
Santa Benita Cambiagio Frassinello.9
Blessed Miguel Gómez Loza.10
Events
537: Siege of Rome by King Vitiges, who attempts to assault the north and east walls of the city, but is rejected at the Prenestina gate, known as the Vivarium, by the defenders commanded by Bessas and Peranius.
717: near Cambrai (in the north of France) the Battle of Vichy takes place between Carlos Martel and Ragenfrid.
752: in Rome (Italy) Esteban II is chosen as pope, but dies three days before being ordained bishop of Rome, so he was not considered a legitimate pope.
1098: in Citeaux (Burgundy), the French religious Robert de Molesme founded the first Cistercian monastery.
1188: in Japan, Antoku becomes emperor.
1413: in England, Henry V becomes king.
1534: the Spanish conquistador Pedro de Mendoza is designated «ahead» of the Río de la Plata.
1556: in Oxford (England) is burned the archbishop of Canterbury Thomas Cranmer, accused of heresy.
1788: in the United States, a fire completely destroys the city of New Orleans.
1800: in Venice, while the dome of the church evicts Rome due to the armed conflict, Pius VII is crowned with a temporary papal tiara made of paper mache.
1801: near the ruins of Nicopolis (Egypt) the British and French armies fight the Battle of Alexandria.
1804: in France the Code of Napoleon is adopted as a new body of civil legislation.
1829: in the province of Alicante (Spain), there is the Torrevieja earthquake, of magnitude 6.6 on the Richter scale, which shook the Vega Baja causing 389 deaths and destroying 1895 houses.
1843: In the United States, the End of the World predicted by millennialist William Miller should have begun according to his interpretation of Daniel’s prophecies. (See List of dates of the end of the world).
1844: in the United States the last probable day of the end of the world passes, according to the beliefs of William Miller. He prophesies that Armageddon will then take place on October 22, 1844. The proof that the prophecies were false generated the Great Deception and originated the Adventist religion.
1844: the Bahá’í era begins (first day of the calendar of that religion).
1847: Captain General Rafael Carrera y Turcios establishes the Republic of Guatemala.
1857: an earthquake is recorded in Tokyo (Japan). Winds of 90 km / h ignite fires that leave a balance of more than 107,000 dead.
1871: the chancellor of Germany Otto von Bismarck inaugurates the first Parliament of the German Empire.
The imperial chancellor Otto von Bismarck inaugurates the first German parliament.
1871: in Africa, the journalist Henry Morton Stanley (1841-1904) begins his journey in search of the missionary and explorer David Livingstone (1813-1873), whom he will find on October 27.
1892: in the province of Catamarca (Argentina) there is an earthquake of magnitude 6.0 on the Richter seismological scale, leaving a balance of some fatal victims. (See Recreation Earthquake).
1913 (Good Friday): in Dayton (Ohio), a multi-day flood begins today that will kill 360 people and destroy 20,000 homes. It is the worst disaster in the history of the state.
1918: in the framework of the First World War, at 4:40 the Germans carry out their last offensive (Kaiserschlacht, or ‘Battle of the Kaiser’), a simultaneous attack line 69 km wide, which will end with victory Allied of French, British and Americans.
1919: Hungary is proclaimed the Hungarian Soviet Republic.
1930: in Chile the Air Force starts to work, founded by Arturo Merino Benítez.
1933: German Chancellor Adolf Hitler opens the first German Parliament of Nazi Germany.
1933: to 16 km to the northwest of Munich (Germany) the construction of the concentration camp of Dachau is finished, the first one constructed by the Nazis. There will happen 32,000 deaths.
1937: in Spain finalizes the Battle of Guadalajara (Spanish Civil War).
1937: in Ponce (Puerto Rico), by orders of the American governor Blanton C. Winship (1869-1947), the police shoots against a pacific manifestation (Massacre of Ponce). 16 adults and a 13-year-old girl die. Because the police surrounded the crowd, two policemen also die for «friendly fire» (crossfire). The governor will not receive any penalty.
1945: in Copenhagen (Denmark) -in the frame of the Second World War-, British planes carry out Operation Carthage: they bomb the Gestapo barracks. Killed 55 German soldiers and 55 Danish civilians (47 employees and 8 prisoners). They also destroy a school, where 39 adults and 86 children die.
1947: in ahua (Mexico), the Colonial cinema was inaugurated in the place occupied by the Betancourt theater.
1957: in El Salvador, other charges arise against the commander of the national police Adam Torres Valencia, according to declares in the FGR the lieutenant Domingo Monterrosa Ríos, who was head of the GN in San Pedro Masahuat when the old Francisca de la Paz was murdered in mysterious circumstances.
1960: in South Africa, the police shoot at a peaceful demonstration, killing 69 black people and wounding 180. (Sharpeville Massacre).
1961: in the batey Pito Cuatro, 1 of the municipality of Puerto Padre (Cuba), a group of Cuban «bandits» -in the context of the terrorist attacks organized by the US CIA- assassinate the militiaman Ángel Torres López.2
1963: in the United States the prison of the island of Alcatraz is officially closed, due to the contamination that produced in the bay of San Francisco
1964: in Copenhagen (Denmark) -when the 19 th anniversary of the Copenhagen massacre (see above, in 1945) – the Italian Gigliola Cinquetti wins the ninth Eurovision Song Contest with the song Non ho l’età (‘ I’m not old [to love you] ‘).
1965: at Cape Canaveral (United States), NASA launches the Ranger 9, which will be the last lunar probe.
1966: in New York (United States) the UN General Assembly proclaims the «International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination» in memory of the Sharpeville Massacre (South Africa) on this same date in 1960.
1968: In Jordan the battle of Karameh between the Israeli Defense Forces and Fatah is fought.
1970: in Amsterdam, Ireland wins the XV Eurovision Song Contest with the theme All kinds of everything by Dana.
1975: in the Great Buenos Aires (Argentina) the Triple A perpetrates the massacre of Pasco against militants of the Peronist Youth.
1980: in the United States, at the end of season of the telenovela Dallas, the infamous character JR Ewing (represented by the actor Larry Hagman, 1931-2012) is shot by a character out of the blue, generating the slogan «Who shot him? Jota Erre? »
1981: in Chile, a fire in the Santa María Tower causes the death of 11 people, including a firefighter volunteer. The accident began on the 12th floor, when workers installed carpets with jars of neoprene.
1990: Namibia becomes independent from South Africa.
1990: in the Basque Country it broadcasts for the first time the Gaztea radio station.
1991: in the Autonomous Community of Madrid, the segregation of part of the municipality of Colmenar Viejo is approved to create a new municipality called Tres Cantos.
1994: in the United States, the Sedan crater (the largest artificial crater in that country) is included in the National Register of Historic Places. The radioactive fallout from the Sedan bomb contaminated more Americans than any other nuclear test.
1997: in a bar in Tel Aviv (Israel), a suicide explodes a bomb killing 3 people and injuring 49.
1999: in the oasis of Bawiti (in the Egyptian desert), 300 km west of Cairo, the Swiss Bertrand Piccard (1958-) -the grandson of Auguste Piccard, inventor of the bathyscaphe- and the British Brian Jones (1947-) complete the first hot air balloon flight around the Earth. They had taken off from Château D’Oex (Switzerland) on March 1.
2001: in Afghanistan, the Taliban government of Mohammed Omar destroys the two giant Buddhas of Bāmiyān (5th century), with the help of Arab and Pakistani engineers.
2004: in El Salvador, Elías Antonio Saca (presidential candidate of the official party, ARENA) defeats Schafik Handal (presidential candidate of the FMLN opposition party) with 57.71% of the votes in the presidential elections held on the same day.
2005: Megaupload is founded in Hong Kong.
2006: in Dubai, the immigrant workers who build the Burj Khalifa and the new terminal of the Dubai International Airport carry out riots that cause one million US dollars in damages.
2006: in San Francisco (California) is founded Twitter, the microblogging website
2014: In Spain, Adolfo Suárez Illana announces that his father, former President of the Government Adolfo Suárez is hospitalized urgently.
2018: The president Pedro Pablo Kuczynski announces his resignation to the presidency of Peru, in his third year of office, being the strong point of the political crisis that the country lived between 2017 and 2018.3
Births
927: Taizú, Chinese emperor.
1226: Charles of Anjou, king of Sicily.
1300: Heinrich Seuse, German mystic.
1521: Maurice of Saxony, Saxon elector (f 1553).
1527: Hermann Finck, German composer (f 1558).
1551: Maria Ana de Bavaria, German aristocrat.
1626: San Pedro de San José Betancur, Spanish religious.
1666: Ogyū Sorai, Japanese Confucian philosopher (f 1728).
1685: Johann Sebastian Bach, German composer (f 1750).
1736: Claude-Nicolas Ledoux, French architect and urban planner (f 1806).
1763: Jean Paul, German writer (f 1825).
1768: Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier, mathematician and French physicist (f 1830).
1806: Benito Juarez, lawyer and Mexican politician, president of Mexico between 1858 and 1872 (f 1872).
1836: Jesus of Monastery, violinist and Spanish composer (f.903).
1839: Modest Musorgski, Russian nationalist composer (f.1881).
1866: Antonia Maury, American astronomer (b.1952).
1869: Florenz Ziegfeld, director of theater and producer in the United States (f 1932).
1876: John Tewksbury, American athlete (1968).
1877: Andrés Saliquet, Spanish military (f 1959).
1885: Pierre Renoir, French actor of cinema and theater (number 1952).
1886: Emilio Jimeno Gil, Spanish scientist (1976).
1887: Erich Mendelsohn, American architect (f 1953).
1889: W. S. Van Dyke, American director (f 1943).
1893: M. N. Roy, revolutionary, activist and Bengali theorist (b.1956).
1895: Sabino Álvarez Gendín, university cathedratic (f 1983).
1900: Antonio Romañá Pujó, mathematician and Spanish priest (f.1981).
1901: Karl Arnold, German politician (f 1958).
1902: Son House, American musician (1988).
1904: Nikolaos Skalkottas, Greek composer (f 1949).
1905: Joan Corominas, Spanish philologist (f 1997).
1913: George Abecassis, British pilot of Formula 1 (f.1991).
1913: Rodney Arismendi, Uruguayan politician (1989).
1913: Bismillah Khan, Indian musician (2006).
1913: Guillermo Haro Barraza, Mexican astronomer (1988).
1914: Paul Tortelier, French cellist (1990).
1915: José Barros, Colombian composer (f 2007).
1921: Francisco Godia, Spanish pilot of Formula 1 (f.90).
1922: Russ Meyer, American filmmaker (2004).
1925: Peter Brook, producer and British director of theater.
1925: Hugo Koblet, Swiss cyclist (f 1964).
1927: Hans-Dietrich Genscher, German politician (f. 2016).
1928: Surya Bahadur Thapa, Nepalese politician, prime minister of Nepal (2015)
1931: Alda Merini, Italian poet.
1932: Carlos Artigas, Argentine actor (f.2012).
1932: Walter Gilbert, American scientist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1980.
1932: Joseph Silverstein, conductor and American violinist (f. 2015).
1935: Brian Clough, British soccer coach (f 2004).
1937: Pierre-Jean Rémy, French diplomat and writer (f. 2010).
1940: Solomon Burke, American singer (f. 2010).
1940: Rafael Lorente Mourelle, Uruguayan architect.
1942: Françoise Dorléac, French actress (1967).
1944: Marie-Christine Barrault, French actress.
1944: Timothy Dalton, British actor.
1946: Miguel Abuelo, Argentine rock singer (1988).
1948: Scott Fahlman, American computer scientist.
1949: Slavoj Žižek, Slovenian philosopher and sociologist.
1950: Roger Hodgson, British singer, of the band Supertramp.
1950: Sergey Lavrov, politician and Russian diplomat.
1951ː Siosa’ia Ma’ulupekotofa Tuita, Tongan diplomat.
1952: Berenice Azambuja, singer, composer and Brazilian instrumentalist of nativist music.
1956: Ingrid Kristiansen, Norwegian runner.
1957: Youssef Rzouga, Tunisian poet.
1958: Gary Oldman, British actor.
1959: Nobuo Uematsu, Japanese composer of music for video games.
1960: Marito (Mario Perrotta), accompanying singer of Jorge Cafrune (1937-1978) between 1972 and 1974.
1960: Ayrton Senna, Brazilian motorist (1994).
1960: Mizuki Ōtsuka, Japanese voice actress.
1961: Shawn Lane, American guitarist (2003).
1961: Marcelo Longobardi, Argentine journalist.
1961: Lothar Matthäus, German soccer player.
1962: Matthew Broderick, American actor.
1962: Gilles Lalay, pilot of French motorcycling.
1962: Rosie O’Donnell, actress and American comedian.
1962: Mark Waid, American writer of cómics.
1963: Ronald Koeman, Dutch soccer player.
1964: Jesper Skibby, Danish cyclist.
1966: Armando Archundia, Mexican soccer referee.
1968: DJ Premier, American producer of rap, and diyéi of hip hop.
1969: Ali Daei, Iranian footballer.
1969: Jaya, Filipino singer.
1970: Shiho Niiyama, Japanese voice actress.
1972: Large Professor, American singer-songwriter of hip hop.
1974: Laura Allen, American actress.
1974: Pilar García Muñiz, Spanish journalist.
1975: Fabricio Oberto, Argentine baloncestista.
1975: Michale Graves, American singer, of the band The Misfits.
1975: Vitaly Potapenko, Ukrainian basketball player.
1976: Liza Harper, French actress.
1977: Raúl Peña, Spanish actor.
1978: Kevin Federline, model, actor and American hip hop dancer.
1979: Yahir, singer and Mexican actor.
1980: Ronaldinho Gaúcho, Brazilian soccer player.
1980: Deryck Whibley, singer and Canadian guitarist, of the band Sum 41.
1981: Juan Martín Juárez, Uruguayan soccer player.
1983: Gonzalo Fierro, Chilean soccer player.
1983: Lucila Pascua, Spanish basketball player
1983: Sofía Zámolo, model and presenter of Argentine television.
1984: Armando Alonso, Costa Rican footballer of Deportivo Saprissa.
1984: Karl Svensson, Swedish footballer.
1985: Jesica Cirio, model, vedette and Argentine television presenter.
1985: So nequa Martin-Green, American actress.
1985: Jonathan Vázquez, Argentine pilot of motorsport of speed.
1985: Clara, Princess of Luxembourg.
1987: Carlos Carrasco, Venezuelan baseball player.
1989: Rochelle Wiseman, singer, actress and British dancer, of the band S Club 8.
1989: Jordi Alba, Spanish soccer player.
1989: Nicolás Lodeiro, Uruguayan soccer player.
1989: Takeru Sato, actor and Japanese singer.
1990: Song Ju-Hee, South Korean singer and dancer, from the band Hello Venus.
1990: Ramin Rezaeian, Iranian footballer.
1991: Antoine Griezmann, French soccer player.
1991: Djaniny Tavares, Cape Verdean footballer.
1992: Erena Mizusawa, actress and Japanese model.
1997: Martina Stoessel, singer and actress.
1997: Moses Dyer, New Zealand soccer player.
2000: Jace Norman, American actor.
Deaths
547: Benedict of Nursia, religious and Italian saint, founder of the Benedictines (No. 480).
1076: Robert I, Burgundian aristocrat (No. 1011).
1181: Taira no Kiyomori, Japanese feudal general (No. 1118).
1306: Robert II, Burgundian aristocrat (No. 1248).
1487: Nicolás de Flüe (Brother Klaus), Swiss hermit (No. 1417).
1556: Thomas Cranmer, English religious, archbishop of Canterbury (n 1489).
1617: Pocahontas, American Indian, daughter of Chief Powhatan.
1656: James Ussher, Irish Anglican archbishop (n 1581).
1720: Maria Ana de Borbón-Conti, Italian aristocrat (n.1689).
1721: Juan de Gaona and Abbot, Spanish diplomat and aristocrat (No. 1658).
1729: John Law, Scottish economist.
1751: Johann Heinrich Zedler, German publisher (No. 1706).
1762: Nicolas Louis de Lacaille, French astronomer (1713).
1795: Honorato III of Monaco (n.1720).
1801: Andrea Luchesi, Italian composer.
1804: Luis Antonio Enrique de Borbón-Condé, French aristocrat (1772).
1829: Windradyne, Australian aborigine warrior (1800).
1831: José Tomás Ovalle, lawyer, politician and Chilean president (n 1787).
1843: Robert Southey, British poet (born 1774).
1843: Guadalupe Victoria (José Miguel Ramón A. Fernández Félix), first Mexican president (1786).
1854: Pedro María Anaya, military man and Mexican politician (n 1795).
1892: Annibale de Gasparis, Italian astronomer and mathematician (1819).
1910: Nadar (Gaspard-Félix Tournachon), French photographer.
1915: Frederick Winslow Taylor, American engineer and economist (1856).
1934: Franz Schreker, Austrian conductor and composer (born 1878).
1936: Alexander Glazunov, Russian composer (born 1865).
1951: Willem Mengelberg, director of orchestra and Dutch musician (n.1871).
1955: Aristide Baghetti, Italian actor (born 1874).
1958: Cyril M. Kornbluth, American writer of fantasy and science fiction (born in 1923).
1960: Sheila Scott Macintyre, Scottish mathematician (No. 1910)
1985: Sir Michael Redgrave, British actor (born in 1908).
1987: Robert Preston, American actor (born 1918).
1987: Dean Paul Martin, American musician (born in 1951).
1990: Juan Carlos De Seta, actor and Argentine television conductor (1930).
1991: Leo Fender, American businessman, guitar maker (born in 1909).
1992: John Ireland, Canadian actor and filmmaker (born 1914).
1994: Macdonald Carey, American actor (born 1913).
1994: Dack Rambo, American actor (born 1941).
1994: Lili Damita, French actress (n 1904).
1998: Galina Ulanova, Russian dancer (born in 1910).
1999: Ernie Wise, British comedian (born 1925).
2001: Chung Ju-yung, Korean industrialist (No. 1915).
2005: Barney Martin, American actor (born 1923).
2007: Juan José Hernández, Argentine writer (born in 1931).
2008: Gabriel Paris, military and Colombian president (born in 1910).
2008: Oscar Terán, Argentine philosopher (born in 1938).
2010: Wolfgang Wagner, German opera and music director (born in 1919).
2011: Txutxi Aranguren, soccer player and Spanish trainer (born in 1944).
2011: Pinetop Perkins, American blues pianist (born in 1913).
2012: Tonino Guerra, Italian writer and screenwriter (n.20).
2012: Yuri Razuváyev, Russian chess player (born 1945).
2013: Pietro Mennea, athlete and Italian politician (born in 1952).
2013: Chinua Achebe, Nigerian writer (No. 1930).
2013: Aníbal Paz, Uruguayan footballer (born 1917).
2015: Moncho Alpuente, writer, musician and Spanish journalist (born in 1949).
2015: Perro Aguayo Jr., Mexican wrestler (born 1979).
Celebrations
Equinox:
autumnal in the southern hemisphere and
spring or vernal in the northern hemisphere.
Zodiac: start of the horoscope.
World Poetry Day established in 1999 by Unesco
International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, proclaimed in 1966 by the General Assembly of the United Nations in memory of the Sharpeville massacre in South Africa (1960).
International Day of the Novruz
International Day of Forests
International Color Day, established by the International Color Association and approved by associations and members of more than 30 countries.
March 21-27: Week of solidarity with peoples who fight against racism and racial discrimination
Inca culture: Sitwa Raymi festival, celebrating the spring uinoccio.
Down Syndrome Day
Mexico: Birthday of Benito Juárez.
South Africa: Human Rights Day.
Chile: Day of the Chilean Air Force.
Palestine: Mother’s Day Palestine.